English name: Coleus
Common Name: Coleus, Mainmul,
Karpuravali
Sanskrit Name:
Makandi
Family: Lamiaceae
Part used: Roots
Extraction
method: |
CO2
extracts | Fortified extracts
Solvent extracts | Whole herb extracts |
More
info |
 Description:
This species is a perennial herb with fleshy, fibrous
roots that grows wild in the warm subtropical temperate
areas in India, Burma and Thailand. It is one of the
150 coleus species, which are commonly cultivated as
ornamental plants, because of their colorful foliage.
The roots of C. forskohlii, unlike other coleus species,
are used for health purposes.
Traditional uses
: The leaves are used in the treatment of stomach
ailments, people chew fresh roots to relieve abdominal
pains. They are reported to kill intestinal worms. A
few drops of roots extract mixed with milk is given
to infants as a remedy against abdominal pains and constipation.
Phytochemistry:
The major bioactive constituent of Coleus forskohlii
is forskolin, a diterpene. Other diterpenes of the roots
include deacetylforskolin 1,9-dideoxy forskolin 1,9-dideoxy-7-deacetylforskolin,
coleol etc. The roots contain volatile oil comprising
of a-thujene, a and ß-pinenes, camphene, myrcene,
3-nonanone, p-cymene , b-phellandrene, 3-decanone, a-copaene,
bornyl acetate, humulene, a-cis-bergamotene, a -curcumene,
g-curcumene, ß-bisabolene, ß-elemene, d-selinene,cuparene
and a and ß-ionones.
Pharmacology
: "Forskolin's basic mechanism of action
is that it activates the enzyme adenylate cyclase and
other important chemicals in the body. This results
in activatation of a “second messenger”
system that is responsible for carrying out the complex
and powerful effects of hormones in the body.
This leads to the following effects:
- Cardiovascular system:
- Relaxation of the arteries and other smooth
muscles, ie blood vessel dilation
- Increased force of contraction of the heart
muscle
- Endocrine system:
- Increased insulin secretion.
- Increased thyroid function (and therefore metabolic
rate).
- Others:
- Inhibition of allergic reactions
- Inhibition of the pro-inflammatory substance
known as platelet-activating factor (PAF) and
inhibition of the spread of cancer cells.
- Reduced adipose assimilation and increased lipolysis
of fats.
Major constituents:
Forskolin
Main action: Anti-glaucoma,
Anti-platelet, Bronchospasmolyltic, Cardiotonic, Hypotensive,
Anti aging, Anti allergic, Smooth muscle and arterial
relaxant, Antiasthmatic.
Main use:
- Coleus is found to be effective in skin conditions
as eczema and psoriasis.
- Coleus is mainly indicated in cardiovascular
diseases like hypertension, congestive heart failure
and angina.
- Studies have indicated the use of coleus for
asthma, intestinal colic, uterine cramps, as well
as painful urination.
- Coleus can aid in weight loss due to its ability
to breakdown stored fat as well as inhibit the synthesis
of adipose tissue, additionally, it increases thyroid
hormone production and release thereby increasing
metabolism.
- Ophthalmic preparation of forskolin to the eyes
lowers eye pressure thus reducing the risk of Glaucoma.
- Coleus can aid in digestive and malabsorption
disorders through its ability to stimulate secretion
of saliva, hydrochloric acid, pepsin, amalyase and
pancreatic enzymes and increase nutrient absorption
in the small intestine.
- Sports nutrition, Weight management, Lean body
mass development
Specification: 20% forskolin
| SL NO |
TESTS |
LIMITS |
RESULT |
TEST PROTOCOL |
| 1. |
Description |
Dark reddish brown to brown powder |
Reddish brown powder |
| 2. |
Identification |
To pass the test |
Positive for Forskolin |
By TLC
[NR/QCD/APM05 WI(03)] |
| 3. |
Moisture (%w/w)
|
< 5.0 |
4.4 |
As per USP <921> Method II |
| 4. |
Bulk density (g/cc) |
0.20 - 0.80 |
0.39 |
As per USP <616> Method –
I |
| 5. |
Material passing through 30# BS/35
ASTM (%w/w) |
> 99.0 |
Complies |
As per USP <786>
Particle size distribution |
| 6. |
Heavy Metals |
|
|
AAS / ICP –ES |
| Lead |
< 10 ppm |
Complies |
| Arsenic |
< 2 ppm |
Complies |
| Cadmium |
< 1 ppm |
Complies |
| 7. |
Microbiology Test |
|
|
As per WHO/PHARM/92.559/
Rev. 1, Pg. 49 |
| Total viable aerobic count |
< 104 cfu g-1 |
No growth |
| Total fungal count |
< 102 fs g-1 |
No growth |
| Total enterobacteriaceae |
< 102 org g-1 |
< 1 |
| E. coli |
Absent |
Not detected |
| Salmonella species |
Absent |
Not detected |
| S. aureus |
Absent |
Not detected |
| 8. |
Phytochemical Analysis |
>= 20.0 |
21.1 |
By HPLC
[NR/QCD/APM04 WI(03)] |
| Forskolin (% w/w) |
Remarks:
The above referred batch conforms to the specifications
of Coleus forskohlii extract (>= 20% Forskolin) with
respect to above mentioned tests.
Specification: 10% forskolin
| SL NO |
TESTS |
LIMITS |
RESULT |
TEST PROTOCOL |
| 1. |
Description |
Light reddish brown to reddish brown
powder with characteristic odour |
Reddish brown powder with
characteristic odour |
| 2. |
Identification |
To pass the test |
Positive for Forskolin |
By HPLC/TLC |
| 3. |
Loss on drying (%w/w)
|
< 7.0 |
5.3 |
As per USP <921> Method III
(Drying at 105°) |
| 4. |
Acid insoluble Ash (%w/w)
|
< 2.5 |
1.3 |
As per USP <561> |
| 5. |
Material passing through 80# ASTM
(%w/w) |
Not less than 100 |
100 |
As per USP <786>
Particle size distribution |
| 6. |
Heavy Metals |
|
|
AAS / ICP –ES |
| Lead |
< 10 ppm |
Complies |
| Arsenic |
< 2 ppm |
Complies |
| Cadmium |
< 1 ppm |
Complies |
| 7. |
Microbiology Test |
|
|
As per WHO/PHARM/92.559/
Rev. 1, Pg. 49 |
| Total viable aerobic count |
< 104 cfu g-1 |
< 1000 |
| Total fungal count |
< 102 fs g-1 |
Not detected |
| Total enterobacteriaceae |
< 102 org g-1 |
Not detected |
| E. coli |
Absent |
Not detected |
| Salmonella species |
Absent |
Not detected |
| S. aureus |
Absent |
Not detected |
| 8. |
Phytochemical Analysis |
>=10.0 |
11.5 |
By HPLC |
| Forskolin (% w/w) |
Remarks:
The above referred batch conforms to the specification
of Coleus forskohlii extract (>= 10% Forskolin) with
respect to above mentioned tests.
|
